Many of the Swords of the Ancients feature runes in several different languages on the blades. Though some of the runes are translated on the certificates included with the swords, some are not. Below are the complete translations of the runes for most of the swords. There are four languages used on the swords and knives from the Swords of the Ancients world:

Aerlundtal - Lower Anath speech used by the Ancient Ones when speaking to mortals. Used on Luciendar. This is the language of Nasnandos in Dagorlund, created in the Second Age.
Anglecal - This is the modern language of Men and Elves in the Great Realm, created in the Fifth Age. Resembles old Anglo Saxon runes. Used on the Mithrodin Sword, Elexorien and Anathros.
Annundtal - Language of old Annundos, from the Second Age. Used on several of the swords as a secondary language. Used on the Avaquar sword and dagger, the Mithrodin sword, and Valermos (text on sides of center text), and an old form is seen on Luciendar.
Thant - Ancient language of the Anath. Used on the Exotath, Valermos (middle text) and Anathar. From the First Age.

TRANSLATIONS
Exotath - Sword of Agnemmel - All runes are in Thant, the language of the ancient Anath. The engraved scrollwork type design is actually the signature mark of Firaneth, and elven smith of Ammoria from the Third Age of Ammon. Rather than a typical signature mark, Firaneth always incorporated his mark into the decoration he applied to his blades.
The Thant runes loosely translate as this:
Two small runes at top left and two at top right (blade pointed down): These essentially say the “two are one”, referring to the twin Exotath sword's joint power.
Left text, top to bottom with blade pointed down: “By the Anath that which is to come is revealed to me”
Right text, top to bottom with blade pointed down: “By Evruc, master of the Ancients, I am empowered”.
The name Exotath is in Thant. The word “exo” translates as oracle and “tath” as steel. Oracle of steel.

Anathros - Sword of the Earth - Written in the Anglecal runes of the Fifth Age. The Anathros text loosely translates as this:
Top runes: “Earth-Master of Ammon”.
Bottom runes: “Blessed by the Anath”.

Luciendar - Sword of Light - All runes are Aerlundtal, the language of the Ancient Ones used when speaking to mortals, except the small script on the guard which is an old form of Annundtal, the language of old Annundos.
Blade runes: “Sword of revealing illumination”, or Sword of Light.
Center rune on hilt: “Mahgnim”. Mahgnim was an Elven weapon smith in the service of the Ancient Ones and this is his maker mark.
Large left guard runes (blade point up): “By the Anath I am become veiled”.
Large right guard runes (blade point up): “By the Anath all that is concealed is revealed to me”.
Small left guard script (blade point up): “Revealer of the spirit”. “Spirit” in this case means moral fiber of the soul.
Small right guard script (blade point up): “Revealer of the enchanted and the architect”.

Mithrodin Sword - This sword has both Anglecal and Annundtal runes.
Runes toward blade tip: “Honor ruled by steel” in Anglecal runes of the Fifth Age.
Runes toward hilt: “By blood I am the protector of the sacred steel” in Annundtal runes, the language of old Annundos.
Center rune between runes on left and right: This is the maker mark of Toukol, the elven weapon smith who forged the sword.

Valermos - Sword of Fire - Center runes are in Thant, the language of the ancient Anath. The Thant runes loosely translate as this:
Center text, top down: “Eternal Fire” (the large question mark looking rune). This may actually be the runic name of one of the Ancients, Nostdiev.
Left and right of Eternal Fire rune: “Creator and Master of the Flames of Ammon”.
Center text below the Eternal Fire rune, top down: “Ruler of Fire by Blood, Commander of the Death Spirit, Holder of the Dead by the Anath”.
The script down outer left and right near the top of the blade is in Annundtal runes and refers to Salicrem, the smith who forged the blade, and where it was forged.